Multiply by (csc(x) + cot(x))/(csc(x) + cot(x))
Let u = csc(x) + cot(x), then du = (-csc(x)cot(x) - csc²(x))dx
The integral becomes
Substitute back
Cosecant functions appear in certain periodic ML models and signal analysis applications.
The integral of csc(x) is -\ln|\csc(x) + \cot(x)| + C, where C is the constant of integration.
Follow the step-by-step solution above, which uses standard integration techniques.
Cosecant functions appear in certain periodic ML models and signal analysis applications.